Full API Example

Notice: This is a contrived (functioning) example meant strictly for API demonstration purposes. Use of one's imagination is encouraged.

package main

import (
    "context"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "io/ioutil"
    "os"
    "time"

    "github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
)

func init() {
    cli.RootCommandHelpTemplate += "\nCUSTOMIZED: you bet ur muffins\n"
    cli.CommandHelpTemplate += "\nYMMV\n"
    cli.SubcommandHelpTemplate += "\nor something\n"

    cli.HelpFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{Name: "halp"}
    cli.VersionFlag = &cli.BoolFlag{Name: "print-version", Aliases: []string{"V"}}

    cli.HelpPrinter = func(w io.Writer, templ string, data interface{}) {
        fmt.Fprintf(w, "best of luck to you\n")
    }
    cli.VersionPrinter = func(cmd *cli.Command) {
        fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "version=%s\n", cmd.Root().Version)
    }
    cli.OsExiter = func(cmd int) {
        fmt.Fprintf(cli.ErrWriter, "refusing to exit %d\n", cmd)
    }
    cli.ErrWriter = ioutil.Discard
    cli.FlagStringer = func(fl cli.Flag) string {
        return fmt.Sprintf("\t\t%s", fl.Names()[0])
    }
}

type hexWriter struct{}

func (w *hexWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
    for _, b := range p {
        fmt.Printf("%x", b)
    }
    fmt.Printf("\n")

    return len(p), nil
}

type genericType struct {
    s string
}

func (g *genericType) Set(value string) error {
    g.s = value
    return nil
}

func (g *genericType) String() string {
    return g.s
}

func main() {
    cmd := &cli.Command{
        Name:    "kənˈtrīv",
        Version: "v19.99.0",
        /*Authors: []any{
            &cli.Author{
                Name:  "Example Human",
                Email: "human@example.com",
            },
        },*/
        Copyright: "(c) 1999 Serious Enterprise",
        Usage:     "demonstrate available API",
        UsageText: "contrive - demonstrating the available API",
        ArgsUsage: "[args and such]",
        Commands: []*cli.Command{
            &cli.Command{
                Name:        "doo",
                Aliases:     []string{"do"},
                Category:    "motion",
                Usage:       "do the doo",
                UsageText:   "doo - does the dooing",
                Description: "no really, there is a lot of dooing to be done",
                ArgsUsage:   "[arrgh]",
                Flags: []cli.Flag{
                    &cli.BoolFlag{Name: "forever", Aliases: []string{"forevvarr"}},
                },
                Commands: []*cli.Command{
                    &cli.Command{
                        Name:   "wop",
                        Action: wopAction,
                    },
                },
                SkipFlagParsing: false,
                HideHelp:        false,
                Hidden:          false,
                ShellComplete: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) {
                    fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "--better\n")
                },
                Before: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) (context.Context, error) {
                    fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "brace for impact\n")
                    return nil, nil
                },
                After: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
                    fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "did we lose anyone?\n")
                    return nil
                },
                Action: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
                    cmd.FullName()
                    cmd.HasName("wop")
                    cmd.Names()
                    cmd.VisibleFlags()
                    fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "dodododododoodododddooooododododooo\n")
                    if cmd.Bool("forever") {
                        cmd.Run(ctx, nil)
                    }
                    return nil
                },
                OnUsageError: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command, err error, isSubcommand bool) error {
                    fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "for shame\n")
                    return err
                },
            },
        },
        Flags: []cli.Flag{
            &cli.BoolFlag{Name: "fancy"},
            &cli.BoolFlag{Value: true, Name: "fancier"},
            &cli.DurationFlag{Name: "howlong", Aliases: []string{"H"}, Value: time.Second * 3},
            &cli.FloatFlag{Name: "howmuch"},
            &cli.IntFlag{Name: "longdistance"},
            &cli.IntSliceFlag{Name: "intervals"},
            &cli.StringFlag{Name: "dance-move", Aliases: []string{"d"}},
            &cli.StringSliceFlag{Name: "names", Aliases: []string{"N"}},
            &cli.UintFlag{Name: "age"},
        },
        EnableShellCompletion: true,
        HideHelp:              false,
        HideVersion:           false,
        ShellComplete: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) {
            fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "lipstick\nkiss\nme\nlipstick\nringo\n")
        },
        Before: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) (context.Context, error) {
            fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "HEEEERE GOES\n")
            return nil, nil
        },
        After: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
            fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "Phew!\n")
            return nil
        },
        CommandNotFound: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command, command string) {
            fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "Thar be no %q here.\n", command)
        },
        OnUsageError: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command, err error, isSubcommand bool) error {
            if isSubcommand {
                return err
            }

            fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "WRONG: %#v\n", err)
            return nil
        },
        Action: func(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
            cli.DefaultAppComplete(ctx, cmd)
            cli.HandleExitCoder(errors.New("not an exit coder, though"))
            cli.ShowAppHelp(cmd)
            cli.ShowCommandHelp(ctx, cmd, "also-nope")
            cli.ShowSubcommandHelp(cmd)
            cli.ShowVersion(cmd)

            fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Root().Command("doo"))
            if cmd.Bool("infinite") {
                cmd.Root().Run(ctx, []string{"app", "doo", "wop"})
            }

            if cmd.Bool("forevar") {
                cmd.Root().Run(ctx, nil)
            }
            fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Root().VisibleCategories())
            fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Root().VisibleCommands())
            fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Root().VisibleFlags())

            fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Args().First())
            if cmd.Args().Len() > 0 {
                fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Args().Get(1))
            }
            fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Args().Present())
            fmt.Printf("%#v\n", cmd.Args().Tail())

            ec := cli.Exit("ohwell", 86)
            fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, "%d", ec.ExitCode())
            fmt.Printf("made it!\n")
            return ec
        },
        Metadata: map[string]interface{}{
            "layers":          "many",
            "explicable":      false,
            "whatever-values": 19.99,
        },
    }

    if os.Getenv("HEXY") != "" {
        cmd.Writer = &hexWriter{}
        cmd.ErrWriter = &hexWriter{}
    }

    cmd.Run(context.Background(), os.Args)
}

func wopAction(ctx context.Context, cmd *cli.Command) error {
    fmt.Fprintf(cmd.Root().Writer, ":wave: over here, eh\n")
    return nil
}